Fig. 7

AMR gene acquisitions and mobile genetic elements differed by travel destination. a Significance of AMR gene acquisitions by travel destination. The lines show the 95% confidence intervals, and the points show the estimates of binomial tests for bias. Binomial tests were conducted by region for the number of acquired AMR genes and the number of lost AMR genes. Both acquisitions and losses were normalized by the number of individuals traveling to the region. p values (FDR-corrected) from this test are shown just below the dotted line at 0.5 indicating the null. Numbers lower than 0.5 indicate AMR gene loss, and numbers greater than 0.5 indicate AMR gene gain. b Genes that showed significant region-specific bias following multinomial testing. Points indicate their number of acquisitions normalized by the number of travel subjects, and p values are given in the top left. c Sankey diagram of AMR gene acquisitions by travel region. Black nodes are when the gene was not found, and bright red nodes indicate the gene was present. The width of all lines is proportional to the number of individuals following that path. d, e The number of MGE elements detected from the functional metagenomic libraries is plotted on the y-axis, and the number of input d libraries and e reads is on the x-axis. p values calculated by the FDR-corrected multinomial test are in the bottom left of each panel. Most p values in b, d, and e hit underflow and have been set to p<0.001. Source data for all panels is provided in the source data file (Additional file 3)