Figure 1From: Applications of metabolomics for understanding the action of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in diabetes, obesity and cancerA schematic diagram illustrating the cross-talk of the three PPAR receptors and the metabolic pathways they interact with. For each PPAR, the initial step involves the receptor binding a ligand to activate it. Then, the retinoid × receptor (RXR), a nuclear receptor activated by 9-cis retinoic acid, heterodimerizes with a PPAR prior to the subsequent binding of the complex with DNA. Key: NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; TZD, thiazolidinedione, a class of drugs that bind to PPARγ and have insulin-sensitizing properties; VLDL, very low density lipoprotein (used to transport lipids in the blood).Back to article page